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1 make certain
to act so that, or check that, something is sure:يَتَأكَّدI think he's dead but you'd better make certain.
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2 make sure
to act so that, or check that, something is certain or sure:Arrive early at the cinema to make sure of (getting) a seat!
يتأكَّد من، يَتَحَقَّق مِنI think he's coming today but I'll telephone to make sure (of that / that he is).
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3 persuade
[pəˈsweɪd] verb1) to make (someone) (not) do something, by arguing with him or advising him:يُقْنِعWe persuaded him (not) to go.
2) to make (someone) certain (that something is the case); to convince:يَحْمِلُ على التَّصْديق، يُقْنِعWe eventually persuaded him that we were serious.
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4 filter
[ˈfɪltə]1. noun1) a strainer or other device through which liquid, gas, smoke etc can pass, but not solid material:A filter is used to make sure that the oil is clean and does not contain any dirt
جِهاز تَرْشيح( also adjective) filter paper.
2) a kind of screening plate used to change or correct certain colours:مُرَشِّح ألوانIf you are taking photographs in sun and snow, you should use a blue filter.
2. verb1) (of liquids) to (become) clean by passing through a filter:يُرَشَّح السائِلThe rain-water filtered into a tank.
2) to come bit by bit or gradually:يَتَسَرَّبThe news filtered out.
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5 take
[teɪk] verb past tense took [tuk]: past participle taken1.1) ( often with down, ~out etc) to reach out for and grasp, hold, lift, pull etc:يأخُذI've had a tooth taken out.
2) ( often with away, ~in, ~off, ~out etc) to carry, conduct or lead to another place:يَحْمِل، يَقود، يَخْرُج مَعHe took her out for dinner.
3) to do or perform some action:يقومُ ب، يُنَفِّذWill you take a look?
4) to get, receive, buy, rent etc:يَحْصَل، يأخُذ، يَشْتَري، يَسْتأجِرWe took a house in London.
5) ( sometimes with back) to agree to have; to accept; He took my advice; They refused to take responsibility; I won't take that ( insult) from you!; I'm afraid we can't take back goods bought in a sale.يُوافِق على، يَقْبَل6) to need or require:How long does it take you to go home?
يَحْتاج، يَسْتَغْرِقIt takes time to do a difficult job like this.
7) to travel by (bus etc):يُسافِر، يأخُذ وَسيلَة سَفَرI took a taxi.
8) to have enough space for:يَتَّسِع لٍThe car takes five people.
9) to make a note, record etc:يأخُذ صورَه، يُسَجِّل حَرارَهThe nurse took the patient's temperature.
10) to remove, use, occupy etc with or without permission:يُزيل، يَنْزَع، يأخُذ بدون إذْنHe took all my money.
11) to consider (as an example):يَتَّخِذ، يَقْتَدي بِTake John for example.
12) to capture or win:يَحْصَل على، يأخُذ، يَرْبَحHe took the first prize.
13) ( often with away, ~from, ~off) to make less or smaller by a certain amount:يَطْرَحTake (away) four from ten, and that leaves six.
14) to suppose or think (that something is the case):يَعْتَبِر، يَفْتَرِض، يَظُنDo you take me for an idiot?
15) to eat or drink:يَتَناوَل، يأكُل، يَشْرَبTake these pills.
16) to conduct, lead or run; to be in charge or control of:يُدير، يَقود، يَكون مَسؤولا عَنWill you take the class/lecture/meeting this evening?
17) to consider or react or behave to (something) in a certain way:يَرُد الفِعْل، يَعْتَبِر، يَتَصَرَّف بصورةٍ ماHe took the news calmly.
18) to feel:يَشْعُر بِHe took pleasure/pride / a delight / an interest in his work.
19) to go down or go into (a road):يَتَّخِذ طَريقاTake the second road on the left.
2. noun1) the amount of money taken in a shop etc; takings:إيرادات المَتْجَرWhat was the take today?
2) the filming of a single scene in a cinema film:تَصْوير مَشْهَدAfter five takes, the director was satisfied.
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6 freeze
[friːz] past tense froze [frəuz]: past participle frozen [ˈfrəuzn]1. verb1) to make into or become ice:يُجَمِّدIt's so cold that the river has frozen over.
2) (of weather) to be at or below freezing-point:يَتَجَمَّدIf it freezes again tonight all my plants will die.
3) to make or be very cold:يَجْمَدُ مِن البَرد، يَموت مِن البَردIf you had stayed out all night in the snow you might have frozen to death (= died of exposure to cold).
4) to make (food) very cold in order to preserve it:يُجَمِّد الطَّعامYou can freeze the rest of that food and eat it later.
5) to make or become stiff, still or unable to move (with fear etc):يَجْمَد، يتوقَّف عن الحَرَكَهShe froze when she heard the strange noise.
6) to fix prices, wages etc at a certain level:تتجَمَّد الأسْعارIf the situation does not improve, wages will be frozen again.
2. nouna period of very cold weather when temperatures are below freezing-point:تَجَمُّدHow long do you think the freeze will last?
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7 it
[ɪt] pronoun1) (used as the subject of a verb or object of a verb or preposition) the thing spoken of, used especially of lifeless things and of situations, but also of animals and babies:If you find my pencil, please give it to me
The dog is in the garden, isn't it?
ضَمير يُشير إلى المُفْرَد غَيْر العاقِلHe decided to run a mile every morning but he couldn't keep it up.
2) used as a subject in certain kinds of sentences eg in talking about the weather, distance or time:Is it raining very hard?
Is it the fifth of March?
Is it your turn to make the tea?
تُسْتَعْمَل كَمُبْتَدأ يُشير إلى الطَّقس، الزَّمَن، المسافَهIs it likely that he would go without us?
3) ( usually as the subject of the verb be) used to give emphasis to a certain word or phrase:تُسْتَعْمَل في بِدايَة الجُمْلَة للتَّوكيدIt was you (that) I wanted to see, not Mary.
4) used with some verbs as a direct object with little meaning:ضَمير المَفعول بِه غير العاقِلOh, bother it!
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8 demand
[dɪˈmaːnd]1. verb1) to ask or ask for firmly and sharply:يَطْلُبI demanded an explanation.
2) to require or need:يَحتاج، يَتَطَلَّبThis demands careful thought.
2. noun1) a request made so that it sounds like a command:طَلَب، أمْرThey refused to meet the workers' demands for more money.
2) an urgent claim:مَطالِبThe children make demands on my time.
3) willingness or desire to buy or obtain (certain goods etc); a need for (certain goods etc):طَلب عَلىThere's no demand for books of this kind.
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9 keep
[kiːp] past tense, past participle kept [kept]1. verb1) to have for a very long or indefinite period of time:يُحافِظ على، يَحْفَظHe gave me the picture to keep.
2) not to give or throw away; to preserve:يَحْتَفِظ بCan you keep a secret?
3) to (cause to) remain in a certain state or position:How do you keep cool in this heat?
يُبْقي، يَبْقىWill you keep me informed of what happens?
4) to go on (performing or repeating a certain action):يَسْتَمِرHe kept walking.
5) to have in store:يَحْتَفِظ بI always keep a tin of baked beans for emergencies.
6) to look after or care for:يَعْتَني بI think they keep hens.
7) to remain in good condition:يَبْقى في حالةٍ جيِّدَهThat meat won't keep in this heat unless you put it in the fridge.
8) to make entries in (a diary, accounts etc):يَحْتَفِظ ب، يُسَجِّلHe kept the accounts for the club.
9) to hold back or delay:يَحْجِزSorry to keep you.
10) to provide food, clothes, housing for (someone):يُعيلHe has a wife and child to keep.
11) to act in the way demanded by:يَفي بالوَعْدShe kept her promise.
12) to celebrate:يَحْتَفِلto keep Christmas.
2. nounfood and lodging:قوت، إعالَهOur cat really earns her keep – she kills all the mice in the house.
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10 float
[fləut]1. verbto (make something) stay on the surface of a liquid:يَطوف، يَعومA piece of wood was floating in the stream.
2. noun1) something that floats on a fishing-line:شَيء عائِمIf the float moves, there is probably a fish on the hook.
2) a vehicle for transporting certain things:عَرَبَة نَقْل، عَوّامَهa cattle-float.
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11 scratch
[skrætʃ]1. verb1) to mark or hurt by drawing a sharp point across:How did you scratch your leg?
يَخْدِشI scratched myself on a rose bush.
2) to rub to relieve itching:يَحُكYou should try not to scratch insect bites.
3) to make by scratching:يَحْفُرHe scratched his name on the rock with a sharp stone.
4) to remove by scratching:يُزيل بالحَك ، يَجْلُطShe threatened to scratch his eyes out.
5) to withdraw from a game, race etc:يَسْحَب من المُباراهThat horse has been scratched.
2. noun1) a mark, injury or sound made by scratching:عَلامَه، خَدْشa scratch at the door.
2) a slight wound:جَرْح خَفيفI hurt myself, but it's only a scratch.
3) in certain races or competitions, the starting point for people with no handicap or advantage.نُقْطَة إنْطِلاق في سِباق -
12 stop
[stɔp] past tense, past participle stopped1. verb1) to (make something) cease moving, or come to rest, a halt etc:يَقِفHe signalled with his hand to stop the bus.
2) to prevent from doing something:يوقِفI was going to say something rude but stopped myself just in time.
3) to discontinue or cease eg doing something:يَتَوَقَّف عَنIt has stopped raining.
4) to block or close:يَسُدHe stopped his ears with his hands when she started to shout at him.
5) to close (a hole, eg on a flute) or press down (a string on a violin etc) in order to play a particular note.يُعَدِّل النَّغَم بالضَّغْط على وَتَر الكَمان6) to stay:يُقيم او يَنْزِلُ في الفُنْدُقWill you be stopping long at the hotel?
2. noun1) an act of stopping or state of being stopped:تَوَقُّفWork came to a stop for the day.
2) a place for eg a bus to stop:مَوْقِف، مَحَطَّهa bus stop.
3) in punctuation, a full stop:عَلامَة وَقْفPut a stop at the end of the sentence.
4) a device on a flute etc for covering the holes in order to vary the pitch, or knobs for bringing certain pipes into use on an organ.أداة تَعْديل النَّغَمَة في آلةٍ موسيقِيَّه5) a device, eg a wedge etc, for stopping the movement of something, or for keeping it in a fixed position:أداة لِوَقْف حَرَكَة أي شيءa door-stop.
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13 strike
[straɪk] past tense struck [strak]: past participles struck ~stricken [ˈstrɪkən]1. verb1) to hit, knock or give a blow to:Why did you strike him?
يَضْرُب، يَرتَطِم، يَصْدُمThe tower of the church was struck by lightning.
2) to attack:يُهاجِمWe must prevent the disease striking again.
3) to produce (sparks or a flame) by rubbing:He struck a match/light
يَقْدَح عود ثَقاب، يَحُكHe struck sparks from the stone with his knife.
4) (of workers) to stop work as a protest, or in order to force employers to give better pay:يُضرِبُ، يَقومُ بإضْرابThe men decided to strike for higher wages.
5) to discover or find:After months of prospecting they finally struck gold/oil
يَكْتَشِف، يَجِدIf we walk in this direction we may strike the right path.
6) to (make something) sound:He struck a note on the piano/violin
يَرِنُّ، يَدُقُّ نَغْمَةً موسيقِيَّهThe clock struck twelve.
7) to impress, or give a particular impression to (a person):How does the plan strike you?
يُؤَثِّرُ، يَتْرُك تأثيراIt / The thought struck me that she had come to borrow money.
8) to mint or manufacture (a coin, medal etc).يَسُكُّ، يَضْربُ نُقودا9) to go in a certain direction:يَتَّجِهHe left the path and struck (off) across the fields.
10) to lower or take down (tents, flags etc).يُنْزِلُ رايَةً أو خَيْمَه2. noun1) an act of striking:إضْرابa miners' strike.
2) a discovery of oil, gold etc:إكْتِشافHe made a lucky strike.
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